Most of Europe, including Britain but absent in Spain and Portugal, N. and W. Asia, Algeria.
Habitat
Shallow streams and ditches, at the muddy margins of ponds and in wet sandy places near the sea all over Britain[17].
Edibility Rating
1 (1-5)
Medicinal Rating
1 (1-5)
Physical Characteristics
Perennial growing to 0.7m.
It is hardy to zone 3. It is in flower from June to August, and the seeds ripen from July to September. The flowers are hermaphrodite (have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by Wind.
The plant prefers light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils.
The plant prefers acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade.
It requires wet soil and can grow in water.
Habitats
Pond; Bog Garden;
Edible Uses
Seed[257]. No more information is given, but the seed is very small and fiddly to use. It would probably have been used as piņole or have been ground into a powder and used as a mush, as a thickener in soups and stews, or in making cakes, bread etc[K].
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants.
Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
A decoction of the plant has been used as a stimulant and tonic[257].
Other Uses
The plant has been burnt as an incense[257].
Cultivation details
We have no information on this, though judging by the plants native habitat it requires a wet soil and also succeeds in shallow water. It will also probably require a fairly sunny position[K].
Propagation
Seed - surface sow in the spring in a pot standing in shallow water. When they are large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and plant them out into their permanent positions in the summer.
Division in the spring. The divisions can be planted direct into their permanent positions.
Links
References
[K] Ken Fern Notes from observations, tasting etc at Plants For A Future and on field trips.
[17] Clapham, Tootin and Warburg.Flora of the British Isles. Cambridge University Press 1962 A very comprehensive flora, the standard reference book but it has no pictures.
[257] Moerman. D.Native American Ethnobotany Timber Press. Oregon. 1998 ISBN 0-88192-453-9 Very comprehensive but terse guide to the native uses of plants. Excellent bibliography, fully referenced to each plant, giving a pathway to further information. Not for the casual reader.
Readers Comments
Plants for a Future does not verify the accuracy of reader comments,
use at your own risk. In particular
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants.
You should always consult a professional before using plants medicinally.
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