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Summary
Form: Oval, Pyramidal.
Physical Characteristics
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Corylus colurna is a deciduous Tree growing to 20 m (65ft) by 7 m (23ft) at a slow rate.
See above for USDA hardiness. It is hardy to UK zone 5. It is in flower from April to May, and the seeds ripen from September to October. The species is monoecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but both sexes can be found on the same plant) and is pollinated by Wind. The plant is self-fertile.
Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Suitable pH: mildly acid, neutral and basic (mildly alkaline) soils and can grow in very alkaline soils.
It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil and can tolerate drought. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not maritime exposure.
UK Hardiness Map
US Hardiness Map
Synonyms
Plant Habitats
Woodland Garden Canopy; Secondary; Sunny Edge; Dappled Shade;
Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Oil Seed
Edible Uses: Oil
Seed - raw or cooked[2, 22, 46, 105]. Rich in oil. As nice a flavour as C. avellana, the common hazel nut[146, 158]. The seed ripens in mid to late autumn and will probably need to be protected from squirrels[K]. When kept in a cool place, and not shelled, the seed should store for at least 12 months[K]. An edible oil is obtained from the seed.
References More on Edible Uses
Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Tonic
The seeds are tonic[240].
References More on Medicinal Uses
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Other Uses
References More on Other Uses
Cultivation details
Management: Standard Regional Crop Staple Crop: Protein-oil
Landscape Uses:Firewood, Specimen, Street tree. An easily grown plant, it succeeds in most soils, but is in general more productive of seeds when grown on soils of moderate fertility[11, 200]. It does less well in rich heavy soils or poor ones[11, 63]. Does well in a loamy soil[11]. Very suitable for an alkaline soil[11], but it dislikes very acid soils[17]. Tolerates a pH in the range 5.3 to 7.3. Once established, this is a very drought resistant tree[183]. It does not produce suckers[183]. Plants are fairly wind tolerant[1, 11]. A very ornamental tree[1]. Members of this genus bear transplanting well and can be easily moved even when relatively large[11]. The Turkish hazel is occasionally cultivated for its edible seed[46, 61, 158]. This species is also useful in hybridizing with C. avellana in order to develop superior fruiting cultivars[183]. Special Features:Not North American native, Inconspicuous flowers or blooms. The plant is heat tolerant in zones 7 through 5. (Plant Hardiness Zones show how well plants withstand cold winter temperatures.
Plant Heat Zones show when plants would start suffering from the heat.
The Plant Heat Zone map is based on the number of "heat days" experienced in a given area where the temperature climbs to over 86 degrees F (30°C).
At this temperature, many plants begin to suffer physiological damage. Heat Zones range from 1 (no heat days) to 12 (210 or more heat days).
For example Heat Zone. 11-1 indicates that the plant is heat tolerant in zones 11 through 1.) For polyculture design as well as the above-ground architecture (form - tree, shrub etc. and size shown above) information on the habit and root pattern is also useful and given here if available. The plant growth habit is a standard with a non-suckering single trunk [1-2]. The root pattern is flat with shallow roots forming a plate near the soil surface [1-2].
Carbon Farming
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Management: Standard
Plants grow to their standard height. Harvest fruit, seeds, or other products. Non-Destructive management systems.
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Regional Crop
These crops have been domesticated and cultivated regionally but have not been adopted elsewhere and are typically not traded globally, Examples in this broad category include perennial cottons and many nuts and staple fruits.
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Staple Crop: Protein-oil
(16+ percent protein, 16+ percent oil). Annuals include soybeans, peanuts, sunflower seeds. Perennials include seeds, beans, nuts, and fruits such as almond, Brazil nut, pistachio, walnut, hazel, and safou.
References Carbon Farming Information and Carbon Sequestration Information
Temperature Converter
Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit:
The PFAF Bookshop
Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees,Edible Shrubs, Woodland Gardening, and Temperate Food Forest Plants. Our new book is Food Forest Plants For Hotter Conditions (Tropical and Sub-Tropical).
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Plant Propagation
Seed - best sown as soon as it is harvested in autumn in a cold frame[164]. Germinates in late winter or spring. Stored seed should be pre-soaked in warm water for 48 hours and then given 2 weeks warm followed by 3 - 4 months cold stratification[164]. Germinates in 1 - 6 months at 20°c[164]. When large enough to handle, prick the seedlings out into individual pots and grow them on in a cold frame or sheltered place outdoors for their first winter. Plant them out into their permanent positions in late spring or early summer[K]. Layering in autumn. Easy, it takes about 6 months[78, 200].
Other Names
If available other names are mentioned here
Native Plant Search
Search over 900 plants ideal for food forests and permaculture gardens. Filter to search native plants to your area. The plants selected are the plants in our book 'Plants For Your Food Forest: 500 Plants for Temperate Food Forests and Permaculture Gardens, as well as plants chosen for our forthcoming related books for Tropical/Hot Wet Climates and Mediterranean/Hot Dry Climates. Native Plant Search
Found In
Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available
Weed Potential
Right plant wrong place. We are currently updating this section.
Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking.
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status :
Related Plants
|
Latin Name | Common Name | Habit | Height | Hardiness | Growth | Soil | Shade | Moisture | Edible | Medicinal | Other |
Corylus americana | American Hazel | Tree | 3.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 1 | 2 |
Corylus avellana | Common Hazel, Common filbert, European Filbert, Harry Lauder's Walking Stick, Corkscrew Hazel, Hazel | Tree | 6.0 |
4-8
| M | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 2 | 5 |
Corylus avellana pontica | | Tree | 0.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 4 | 0 | 3 |
Corylus chinensis | Chinese Hazel | Tree | 24.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
Corylus cornuta | Beaked Hazel, California hazelnut, Turkish Filbert, Turkish Hazel | Shrub | 3.0 |
4-7
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 1 | 3 |
Corylus cornuta californica | California Hazel | Shrub | 8.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 4 |
Corylus fargesii | | Tree | 15.0 |
-
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
Corylus ferox | Himalayan Hazel, Tibetan hazelnut | Tree | 10.0 |
7-10
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Corylus heterophylla | Siberian Filbert | Tree | 7.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 1 | 4 |
Corylus hybrids & neohybrids | Hybrid & Neohybrids, Hazel, Filbert | Shrub | 25.0 |
4-9
| M | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 2 | 5 |
Corylus jacquemontii | Indian Tree Hazel | Tree | 25.0 |
6-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | |
Corylus maxima | Filbert, Giant filbert | Shrub | 6.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 5 | 0 | 5 |
Corylus sieboldiana | Japanese Hazel, Manchurian hazel | Shrub | 5.0 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 1 |
Corylus sieboldiana mandschurica | Hairy hazel, Japanese hazelnut, | Shrub | 4.5 |
5-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 1 |
Corylus tibetica | | Tree | 15.0 |
6-9
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
Corylus x colurnoides | Trazel | Tree | 15.0 |
0-0
| | LMH | SN | M | 3 | 0 | 0 |
Corylus x vilmorinii | Chinese Trazel | Tree | 25.0 |
4-8
| | LMH | SN | M | 2 | 0 | |
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Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water.
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Botanical References
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